A
field experiment to study the “Comparative efficiency of organics and
biofertilizers on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.)” was conducted during
Kharif 2011 at farmer field in Beluguli village, Chikkanayakanahalli taluk
(Tumkur district). The maize cultivar Nithyashree (NAH 2049) was used in the
study. The field experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design
with fourteen treatments and three replications. Results of the treatment (T13)
having recommended dose of NPK + Azotobacter chroococcum + Bacillus megaterium
+ Pseudomonas fluorescence + enriched compost has showed highest plant height
at 30, 60, 90 days after sowing and at harvest (120 days) (31.70, 180.93,
186.07 and 188.13 cm respectively). The highest total dry matter production at
harvest (375.80 g) and yield parameters like Weight of cob (207.63 g), Grain
yield per plant (158.93 g), Grain yield per ha (54.53 q) and Test weight of seeds
(33.10 g) was also found highest in this treatment and available nutrient
content in soil after crop harvest i.e., nitrogen (185.40 Kg ha-1), phosphorous
(38.83 Kg ha-1) and potassium (181.47 Kg ha-1) was also found highest in the
same treatment combination.
Influence of biofertilizers and
different sources of organics on growth of maize.
The
germination was not significantly influenced by treatments. However, maximum
germination was recorded (96.90%) with the application of recommended dose of
NPK + A. chroococcum + B. megaterium+ P. fluorescence+ enriched
compost(T13).This is due to better soil condition with application of organics
and biofertilizers. This is in conformity with the results of Amruthesh et al.
(2003) and Hameeda et al. (2008) who observed such increased germination due to
biofertilizers application. Among the different growth parameters, significant
increase in the plant height was observed till the end of crop growth period.
The treatment (T13) receiving recommended dose of NPK + A. chroococcum + B.
megaterium+ P. fluorescence+ enriched compostrecorded maximum plant height at
30, 60, 90 days after sowing and at harvest (31.77, 180.93, 186.07 and 188.13
cm). Increased plant height may be due to the application of recommended dose
of NPK and microbial consortia of nitrogen fixer, phosphate solubilizer and
PGPR bacterium with nutrient rich organic source like enriched compost. The
increase in growth of maize could be attributed to the enhanced nutrient use
efficiency in the presence of organic fertilizer. Many organic materials
release nutrients slowly and may reduce the leaching losses, particularly N
(Nevens and Reheul, 2003 and Naveed et al. 2008).The number of days taken for
fifty per cent tasseling by maize did not differed significantly due to
treatment effects. However, maximum days taken for fifty per cent tasseling
were recorded (51.87 days) with recommended dose of NPK + A. chroococcum + B.
megaterium+ P. fluorescence+ enriched compost (T13).
Conclusion
The
findings of this study have clearly showed that combined application of
Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megateriumand Pseudomonas fluorescence along
with recommended dose of NPK and enriched compost has resulted in obtaining
highest plant growth, crop yields and dry matter production.
Posted BY:-
Bitechnology Department
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